Chemistry in everyday life
THE ROLE OF CHEMICAL SCIENCE IN THE FIELD OF AGRICULTURE
Now this is the influence of
globalization member effect of the development of science and science of
technology in the world. This requires that all aspects of life must follow
such developments, as well as in agriculture. Agriculture in ancient times only
rely on traditional systems, both in cultivating the soil to harvest the crop.
This traditional farming system uses only composted fertilizer and does not use
isikanisida in pest eradication, so the yield is less than the maximum.
Because of the effects of the development of science and technology today, the problems of farmers
can be solved one of them degan Chemistry. Currently chemistry is very useful in agriculture, not only
in agriculture but also in the fields of industry, medicine, food and so forth. But this time I will discuss
about "The role of Chemistry in Agriculture".
The relationship between chemistry and agriculture is very close. As well as the benefits of chemical
science in agriculture. Chemical analysis is able to provide information about soil contents associated
with soil fertility. With that information the farmers can establish the right plants or plants. Lack of
substances needed plants can be met using artificial fertilizer. In addition to fertilizer, farmers can also
use pesticides and instektisida to eradicate pests and plant diseases. Fertilizers and pesticides are
products of chemistry.
Chemical science in agriculture has many roles, as well as:
1. Nutrient Elements
In an attempt to obtain food, the ways in which humans and animals differ from plants. Humans and
animals can do so by migrating, while plants depend on the soil. While in plants in the form of simple
inorganic elements called nutrients.
There are about 16 nutrients needed by plants that is macro element. Macro elements are nutrients
needed by plants in large quantities, ie elements C, H, O, N, S, P, K, Mg, and Ca. Micro elements are
nutrients needed in small amounts such as Cl, Fe, Mn, Cu, B, and Mo.
2. The manufacture of Single Artificial Fertilizer
Single fertilizer is a fertilizer that contains 1 type of nutrients in need of plants
3. The manufacture of Compound Fertilizer
Compound fertilizer is a puk pu containing more than 2 nutrients, such as fertilizer NP, NK, and NPK.
4. The manufacture of Insecticides
Insecticides are used to prevent and eradicate insect pests, such as aphis, grasshoppers, and caterpillars.
5. The manufacture of Rodenticides
This type of pesticide is used to prevent and eradicate rodents in farms, households or warehouses.
6. The manufacture of Herbicides
Herbicides are used to prevent and eradicate the attacks of weed or weed plants, such as reeds and
grasses.
7. The manufacture of Fungicide
This type of pesticide is used to prevent and combat fungal attacks. For example sodium, dipromate,
and organemerkuri.
But we need to know if the Chemistry also has a negative impact if we use it in high concentration,
long periods of time and types of chemicals such as pesticides will cause high pesticide residue
disposal in the agricultural environment that will disrupt the environmental balance.
Here are some of the negative impacts of using high chemicals:
1) Extinction of Species
Pollutants are harmful to aquatic and ground biota. Various types of animals are poisoned and then die.
Various animal species have different immunities. Some are sensitive, some are resistant. Young
animals and larvae are sensitive to pollutants. There are animals that can adapt so that it is resistant to
pollutants and some are not. Although the animal is able to adapt, it must be recognized that the level
of animal adaptation has its limit. When the limit is exceeded, the animal will die.
2) Blasting Pests
The use of pesticides can also turn off predators. If the predator is extinct, the insects and pests will
develop without control.
3) Environmental Balance Disorder
The extinction of certain spaces can alter the pattern of interactions within an ecosystem. Food chains,
food webs and energy flows are changing. As a result, environmental balance, material cycle, and
biogeochemical cycle are disrupted.
4) Reduced Soil Fertility
The use of insecticides can kill soil fauna and can also decrease soil fertility. Continuous use of
fertilizer can cause the soil to become acidic. So as to reduce soil fertility.
Damage to soil or land can be caused by the deterioration of soil structure (soil compaction and erosion), decreased soil fertility, poisoning and soil acidification, excess salt on the ground surface, and soil pollution. Factors affecting soil or land degradation are:
1. land
clearing and excessive logging of forests for domestic interest
2. excessive
use of land for livestock / grazing areas
3.
agricultural activities in excessive use of fertilizers and pesticides.
Between the two effects of chemical technology. What action should be done? Whether to keep using chemical technology or by using traditional means?
BalasHapus
HapusIf you ask me then I will reply: "If you can still be cured using herbal medicine for what we use chemical drugs? Lets Back to the Nature"
How do you think about how to overcome the adverse effects of excessive use of pesticides?
BalasHapus1. Ketahui dan pahami dengan yakin tentang kegunaan suatu pestisida. Jangan sampai salah berantas. Misalnya, herbisida jangan digunakan untuk membasmi serangga. Hasilnya, serangga yang dimaksud belum tentu mati, sementara tanah dan tanaman telah terlanjur tercemar.
Hapus2. Ikuti petunjuk-petunjuk mengenai aturan pakai dan dosis yang dianjurkan pabrik atau petugas penyuluh.
3. Jangan terlalu tergesa-gesa menggunakan pestisida. Tanyakan terlebih dahulu pada penyuluh.
4. Jangan telat memberantas hama, bila penyuluh telah menganjurkan menggunakannya.
5. Jangan salah pakai pestisida. Lihat faktor lainnya seperti jenis hama dan kadang-kadang usia tanaman juga diperhatikan.
6. Gunakan tempat khusus untuk pelarutan pestisida dan jangan sampai tercecer.
7. Pahami dengan baik cara pemakaian pestisida.
Read more: http://www.inicaraku.com/cara-mencegah-bahaya-penggunaan-pestisida.html#ixzz4gHJVkhnW
Do all chemicals damage the soil? Give an example
BalasHapusNot all chemicals destroy the soil, for example nitrogen.
HapusThe benefits of Nitrogen are to stimulate the growth of plants in the vegetative phase, and play a role in the formation of chlorophyll, amino acids, fats, enzymes, and other compounds. Nitrogen is present in the soil in organic and inorganic form. Organic forms include NH4, NO3, NO2, N2O and N elements. Plants absorb this element mainly in the form of NO3, but other absorbent forms are NH4, and urea (CO (N2)) 2 in NO3 form. Furthermore, in the cycle, organic nitrogen in the soil is mineralized while the mineral material is immobilized. Part N is transported, some back as a crop residue, lost into the atmosphere and back again, lost through washing and increased through fertilization. Some are lost or increased by deposition.
How to make pesticides for agricultural use?
BalasHapus
HapusOne of the natural ingredients that can be utilized as a natural pesticide is soursop leaves that can be used as an ingredient in the manufacture of biological pesticides to control aphids and thrips. This biological pesticide is made from the main ingredient of soursop leaf. The materials used are:
Soursop leaf: 100 sheets
Soap dabs: 2-3 tablespoons
Water: 1.5 liters
Ways of making:
Boil the soursop leaves with 1.5 liters of water, until the remaining water as much as 1 liter.
After that add the soap dab into the resulting solution.
For use, mix 1 liter of pesticide solution with 14 liters of water.
Provide another example of the benefits of chemistry in everyday life other than in agriculture
BalasHapusAll chemical examples in agriculture have been described above.
HapusWhile there are many chemical uses in other fields.
Such as the manufacture of drugs in the health and so forth.
what is the meaning of Compound fertilizer is a puk pu containing more than 2 nutrients, such as fertilizer NP, NK, and NPK? please explain again
BalasHapusThe nutrient content in compound fertilizer is expressed in three digits which respectively show N (Nitrogen), P2O5 (Posfor) and K2O (Potassium), for example NPK 15-25-10 fertilizer means that every 100 kg of fertilizer contains 15 kg N + 25 kg P2O5 + 10 kg K2O.
HapusSometimes a compound fertilizer is only equipped with two nutrients only, for example: NPK 18-46-0 fertilizer means every 100 kg of fertilizer contains 18 kg N + 46 kg P2O5 + 0 kg K2O. Compound fertilizer containing elements N, P, K is called complete compound fertilizer.
Compound fertilizers are generally made in the form of uniform granules so as to facilitate the uniform sowing. The grains are generally rather hard with a slippery surface that can reduce the water (higroskopis) drawing properties of moist air. Known three types of grains are rough, medium and smooth or prill. Prill is hard, round, slippery surface and large grain uniform.
Is there any other compound that can kill the pest without causing negative impact?
BalasHapusUntil now that's all I know.
HapusBecause most farmers use pesticides for agriculture.
Recently it was realized that the use of pesticides, especially synthetic pesticides is like a double-edged knife. Behind the great benefits of increasing agricultural production, it is shrouded by terrible dangers. It can not be denied, the pesticide hazards are increasingly felt by the public, especially due to the unwise use of pesticides. Losses in the form of adverse effects of the use of pesticides, can be grouped into 3 parts:
(1). Pesticides have negative effect on human health,
(2). Pesticides have an adverse effect on environmental quality, and
(3). Pesticides promote the development of plant-disturbing plant populations.